All Thoroughbreds Have Same Ancestor

The Bazzani Scully Brand Lawyers Handicap race, Melbourne, Australia, Jan. 26, 2012. Scott Barbour/Getty Images

All the great names in thoroughbred horse racing - from Secretariat to Man O'War, from Seabiscuit to Seattle Slew - they're all related, and a team of geneticists has now traced their talent for speed back to a single ancestor. The "speed gene" that made them all so fast was apparently a genetic aberration, and it probably started with one British mare who lived in the mid-17th century.

Emmeline Hill of University College Dublin led a team that analyzed DNA in 593 horses from 22 modern breeds, as well as museum specimens from 12 historically famous stallions. Modern genetics have become sophisticated enough that they could tell, with considerable precision, what the horses had in common.

"The results show that the 'speed gene' entered the thoroughbred from a single founder, which was most likely a British mare about 300 years ago when local British horse types were the pre-eminent racing horses, prior to the formal foundation of the thoroughbred racehorse," said Hill in a prepared statement.

She and her colleagues published their findings in the journal Nature Communications.

Lest this seem like some arcane animal study, it does involve a big-money sport and, more important, questions about how genetic characteristics can be inherited and traced. If you can decipher the genes that make thoroughbreds so fast, say the researchers, you can also find clues to genetic diseases in people. Thoroughbred horses are useful for study because the records of their ancestry are - forgive the pun - really, really thorough, going back centuries.

The great speed horses all shared two genes associated with muscle development. The combination did not show up in regular farm horses, or donkeys, or zebras.

Horses with the two genes were consistently top sprinters. It's no accident that the Kentucky Derby is a mile and a quarter, usually won in just more than two minutes. Other genetic combinations were found in horses that were slower but able to run longer.

Place your bets.

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  • Tim  •  San Antonio, Texas  •  3 months ago
    I`ll never forget that day in 1973 and the announcer`s voice. ... "Ladies and Gentlemen...LADIES AND GENTLEMEN!!! For the next ten thousand years, as long as mankind remembers how to sit astride a horse, they will know the name Secretariat..."
    • Autumn Wish 3 months ago
      But now we don't remember how to ride.
    • Merle 3 months ago
      Part of Secretariats speed and endurance could be attributed to the size of his heart, literally...a heart that was twice the size of a normal horse.
    • Steven 3 months ago
      the best front page, i think the new york post. it was like a centerfold or something, you could not imagine the distance, between first and second, without that visual. also one of the prettiest pictures of an horse, was sec.
  • thomas p  •  Overland Park, Kansas  •  3 months ago
    If you want to find a horse that does not have the "speed gene" just take note of the horse that I bet on.
    • amy 3 months ago
      lol
    • stubbornm 3 months ago
      But the comment was a WIN! Thanks for the best posted.
    • Tweety 3 months ago
      I'm right there with you Thomas but the worst day at the track is better than the best day of work and can be cheap if you bet light to win big. Last time we went we pooled our money and made bets each race. Our biggest winner was over $900 because my buddy got too drunk and bet on the wrong track, lol.
  • Dufus  •  3 months ago
    Hmmm...so genes do make a difference? At least in horses.
    • pvgoo 3 months ago
      Your screen name is perfect.
    • Tom 3 months ago
      They do in people also - but scientist are not allowed to tell the genetic truth about people for fear of losing funding.
    • Baron 3 months ago
      The genes will tell. And don't give a rat's #$%$ on who is offended.
  • Leele  •  3 months ago
    I am fascinated by genetics. I have advanced progressive Multiple Sclerosis. I know my psorisis is a genetic autoimunine disorder and I believe MS is as well. I think if those of us with MS were DNA examined and our health histories cataloged, there might be a way to find out what things are consistant and perhaps what triggers could exist. We with MS know that allergies are rampant in those of us that have it. We also believe the estrogene hormone seems to help lessen the rapid advancement. How many of us had miscarriages and historectomys? Why are males disabled earlier and more rapidly. We are struck as we begin to mature and are kept from the work force and forced into the disabled early. If more were done to learn about this disease we would be helping our community rather than needing disability assistance. My cognitive ability is lessened and I have difficulty remembering how to spell simple words. I am 76 and had to stop working at 53 and was under-employed and under-educated due to the onset at 11 years of age.
    • Jay 3 months ago
      Best of luck to you. My young wife has the same thing and we pray for a cure every day!
    • Bow out 2012 3 months ago
      God bless you, my Dr. has it. He too had to retire early. It seems to me that the few people I have known with it or MD are just super fine people.
    • MrNetvestor 3 months ago
      A boyhood friend just passed from MS at 51. Another friend is just starting to deal with it after a diagnosis at 56.

      Best of luck to you and the researchers.
  • Tracey  •  Colorado Springs, Colorado  •  3 months ago
    I love that they have isolated some of the genetics of the breed. It does help with research on humans and other animals. BUT what the article failed to mention is that besides the mare and her speed gene there were three sires that improved speed and distance greatly. They were all Arabians. Byerley Turk, Darley Arabian, and Godolphin Arabian. The book King of the Wind was about the Goldolphin or his barn name Sham. The racehorses in England were clunky and short distance runners before the influx of these three stallions. Its not just one gene that fixed that.
    • seane 3 months ago
      You are absolutly right
    • RL 3 months ago
      DingDingDing. She is right as a old thoroughbred trainer of the eighties.
    • DianeC 3 months ago
      I loved that book...
  • Uphigrade  •  Highlands Ranch, Colorado  •  3 months ago
    My wife says I have the speed gene, too.
  • Larry  •  3 months ago
    Up late last week, I happened to catch the Secretariat Movie. Anyone besides me who stood in anticipation of the replay of the Great victory at the Belmont?
    For all you sports junkies out there, this was hands down the greatest athletic achievement of the 20th Cenrtury. Anyone lucky enough to be alive knew 5 minutes after the race we would never witness anything like it again in our lifetime. God's speed, Secretariat, God's speed.
  • WB  •  3 months ago
    How did so many people inherit the stupid gene
  • Laura S  •  3 months ago
    "Rick Haden" called me a rich *** a minute ago because I used to have a horse but I'm actually not rich. There are ways to keep a horse (singular) that don't break the bank or require that one be rich. If you have an acre or so, you can keep a single horse. It helped that I was willing to sacrifice things like a new car or that latest electronic thing or the latest clothes, going to movies, and other things. I also saved my money and didn't buy a horse until I was well into my 30's. He was my first and probably last horse, too. I scrimped on things like getting him shoed (he didn't need them), calling in favors from my actually rich neighbor with the horse property and all that stuff, and doing much of my own vet work.

    If you want something bad enough and are willing to work and scrimp and sacrifice, odds are, you can get it. That applies to everything, from horses to that latest iPad nobody can live without. You just have to be willing to make the effort.
  • alpaca  •  Santa Barbara, California  •  3 months ago
    I love to see these beautiful animals. Just looking at them, tells you that they a special.
  • For the People  •  3 months ago
    Secreteriat RULES!
  • Susan M  •  3 months ago
    They can also be traced to 3 foundation sires, The Darley Arabian, Byerly turk and the Godolphin Barb.
  • Damien  •  New York, New York  •  3 months ago
    I love how people make it apparent that this was common knowledge, not realizing the potential for advancement in modern medicine. What they did was isolate a gene, which they are calling the "Speed Gene", and traced back roots of the animals to their descendants. This is a gigantic step forward towards being able to identify genes that could help future society, and identify ones that are detrimental, eliminating disease prior to birth. It starts with animals, but inevitably ends up helping humanity.
  • frnimay  •  Fresno, California  •  3 months ago
    actually the race horse became faster when english horses where crossed with one of the 3 famoush arab breeds, that one in particular being the godolphen?? a little reading at wikipedia will probably give you the facts. they did not use farm horses for racing brood mares.
    however i did read somewhere the french did cross the perheron with thourobreds to get what is called a heavy hunter. and almost all famous racing horses can traced back to eclipse a very famous horse who was i believe a son or grandson of the godolphen arab. They should try figureing out the ancestory of the morgan horse and american breed of horse that bred true from one horse ...justin morgans famous stallion. a horse of many talents.
  • d  •  3 months ago
    Hey, no kiddding, thats why they call them thoroughbreds.
  • jason  •  Las Vegas, Nevada  •  3 months ago
    All descended from Shadowfax
  • Owt_Raged  •  3 months ago
    All Thoroughbreds can be traced back to just two horses, one of which is an Arabian horse. It took scientists to PROVE this, not discover it. Those who love horses, those who work with horses and most little girls already knew the story behind the breed.
  • gary  •  3 months ago
    the darley arabian -the godolphin barb-the byerly turk--these are the who the thoroughbred desend from--those who love these horses didn't need a study to inform them--most little girls who love horses and their history know facts like this--probably in their dna
  • kryz  •  Johnstown, Pennsylvania  •  3 months ago
    Duh...all the TB's trace back to the Arabian
  • Jan  •  3 months ago
    According to science so do we.